SherbyNet - /page/wikibook/entry.mu

Micron Document

<!DOCTYPE html>

</head>

</h1>

</header>

<p>

<b>CAD/CAM</b><sup id="cite_ref-CADcam.NYT1985_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CADcam.NYT1985-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> refers to the integration<sup id="cite_ref-CADcamSIM.NYT_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CADcamSIM.NYT-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of <a href="../Computer-aided_design" title="Computer-aided design">computer-aided design</a> (CAD) and <a href="../Computer-aided_manufacturing" title="Computer-aided manufacturing">computer-aided manufacturing</a> (CAM). Both of these require powerful computers. <i>CAD</i> software helps designers and draftsmen; <i>CAM</i> "reduces manpower costs" in the manufacturing process.<sup id="cite_ref-CADcam.NYT81_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CADcam.NYT81-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2></div>

<p>Both <i>CAD</i> and <i>CAM</i> are computer-intensive. Although, in 1981, <a href="../Computervision" title="Computervision">Computervision</a> was #1 and IBM was #2, IBM had a major advantage: its systems could accommodate "eight to 20" users at a time, whereas most competitors only had enough power to accommodate "four to six."<sup id="cite_ref-CADcam.NYT81_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CADcam.NYT81-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>CAD/CAM</i> was described by <i>The New York Times</i> as a "computerized design and manufacturing process" that made its debut "when Computervision pioneered it in the 1970's."<sup id="cite_ref-CADcam.NYT1985_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CADcam.NYT1985-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Other 1980s major players in <i>CAD/CAM</i> included <a href="../General_Electric" title="General Electric">General Electric</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="../Parametric_Technology_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Parametric Technology Corporation">Parametric Technology Corporation</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-CADcamPTC.NYT92_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CADcamPTC.NYT92-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the latter subsequently acquired Computervision, which had been acquired by <a href="../Prime_Computer" title="Prime Computer">Prime Computer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CADcamPTC.NYT92_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CADcamPTC.NYT92-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>CAD/CAM originated in the 1960s;<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an <a href="../IBM_System/360_Model_44" title="IBM System/360 Model 44">IBM 360/44</a> was used to build via <i>CNC</i><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the wings of an airplane.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Computer-aided_design_(CAD)">Computer-aided design (CAD)</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="../Computer-aided_design" title="Computer-aided design">Computer-aided design</a></div>

<p>One goal of CAD is to allow quicker iterations in the design process;<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> another is to enable smoothly transitioning to the <a href="#Computer-aided_manufacturing_(CAM)">CAM</a> stage.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although manually created drawings historically facilitated "a designer's goal of displaying an idea,"<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it did not result in a machine-readable result that could be modified

and subsequently be used to directly build a prototype.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It can also be used to "ensure that all the separate parts of a product will fit together as intended."

</p><p><i>CAD</i>, when linked with <a href="../Simulation" title="Simulation">simulation</a>, can also enable bypassing building a less than satisfactory test version, resulting in having "dispensed with the costly, time-consuming task of building a prototype."<sup id="cite_ref-CADcamSIM.NYT_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CADcamSIM.NYT-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Computer-aided_manufacturing_(CAM)">Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)</h2></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="../Computer-aided_manufacturing" title="Computer-aided manufacturing">Computer-aided manufacturing</a></div>

<p>In <i>Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)</i>, using computerized specifications, a computer directs machines such as lathes and milling machines to perform work that otherwise would be controlled by a lathe or milling machine operator. This process, which is called <a href="../Numerical_Control" class="mw-redirect" title="Numerical Control">Numerical Control</a> (NC OR CNC), is what came to be known as 20th century Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), and it originated in the 1960s. Early 21st century <i>CAM</i> introduced use of <i><a href="../3D_printing" title="3D printing">3D printers</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p><i>CAM</i>, although it requires initial expenditures for equipment, covers this outlay with reduced labor cost and speedy transition from

<i>CAD</i> to finished product, especially when the result is both timely and "ensuring one-time machining success rate."<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<ul><li><a href="../Computer-aided_technologies" title="Computer-aided technologies">Computer-aided technologies</a></li>

<li><a href="../CAD/CAM_dentistry" title="CAD/CAM dentistry">CAD/CAM dentistry</a></li>

<li><a href="../CAD/CAM_in_the_footwear_industry" title="CAD/CAM in the footwear industry">CAD/CAM in the footwear industry</a></li>

<li><a href="../Building_information_modeling" title="Building information modeling">Building information modeling</a> (BIM)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 32em;">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("../mw/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("../mw/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("../mw/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("../mw/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><cite id="CITEREFEric_N._Berg1985" class="citation news cs1">Eric N. Berg (March 24, 1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1985/03/24/business/cad-cam-s-pioneer-bets-it-all.html">"CAD/CAM's Pioneer Bets It All"</a>. <i><a href="../The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-CADcamSIM.NYT-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CADcamSIM.NYT_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CADcamSIM.NYT_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBarnaby_J._Feder1981" class="citation news cs1">Barnaby J. Feder (January 18, 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1981/01/18/business/bolts-and-brackets-by-computer-design.html">"Bolts and Brackets by (Computer) Design"</a>. <i><a href="../The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-CADcam.NYT81-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CADcam.NYT81_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CADcam.NYT81_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_Metz1981" class="citation news cs1">Robert Metz (October 28, 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1981/10/28/business/market-place-a-new-face-in-cad-cam.html">"A 'New' Face In CAD/CAM"</a>. <i><a href="../The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1981/01/18/business/ge-s-expansion-into-cad-cam.html">"G.E.'s Expansion into CAD/CAM"</a>. <i><a href="../The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. January 18, 1981.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-CADcamPTC.NYT92-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CADcamPTC.NYT92_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CADcamPTC.NYT92_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGlenn_Rifkin1992" class="citation news cs1">Glenn Rifkin (June 18, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1992/06/18/business/market-place-designing-tools-for-the-designers.html">"Designing Tools For the Designers"</a>. <i><a href="../The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFAbedin2023" class="citation web cs1">Abedin, Engineer Zain ul (November 10, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mechanicalmentor.com/what-is-cad-cam">"What is CAD/CAM?"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Catalog of Copyright Entries, Third Series: 1969: January - June</i>. <a href="../Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>. 1972. <q>IBM System/360 Model 44 ... AD APT numerical control processor</q></cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gao.gov/assets/400/393980.pdf">"360/44 for numerical control (NC)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://images.designworldonline.com.s3.amazonaws.com/CADhistory/8436-TM-4.pdf">"Computer-aided design"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210418015433/https://www.thomasnet.com/articles/custom-manufacturing-fabricating/cad-cam-software-explanation/">"A Guide to CAD/CAM Software"</a>. <a href="../Thomas_Register" title="Thomas Register">Thomas Register</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thomasnet.com/articles/custom-manufacturing-fabricating/cad-cam-software-explanation">the original</a> on April 18, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 4,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ojs.stanford.edu/ojs/index.php/intersect/article/download/117/33">"CAD"</a>. <a href="../Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a> Student Journals.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220306623">"Intelligent computer-aided design systems"</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFT._SUPER_MARIO_Mikolajczyk2019" class="citation journal cs1">T. SUPER MARIO Mikolajczyk (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.promfg.2019.02.178">"CAD CAM System for Manufacturing Innovative Hybrid Design"</a>. <i>Procedia Manufacturing</i>. 12th International Conference Interdisciplinarity in Engineering, INTER-ENG 2018, 4–5 October 2018, Tirgu Mures, Romania. <b>32</b>: <span class="nowrap">22–</span>28. <a href="../Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.promfg.2019.02.178">10.1016/j.promfg.2019.02.178</a></span>. <a href="../S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:150280578">150280578</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201020230108/https://www.plm.automation.siemens.com/global/en/our-story/customers/asm-pacific-technology/40233/">"Siemens Digital Industries Software"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.plm.automation.siemens.com/global/en/our-story/customers/asm-pacific-technology/40233">the original</a> on October 20, 2020.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox600" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Authority control databases: National </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="CAD/CAM systémy"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph116958&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<p><br>

</p>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.75em;right:1em;display:none}.mw-parser-output :not(p):not(.asbox)+style+.asbox,.mw-parser-output :not(p):not(.asbox)+link+.asbox{margin-top:3em}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-18" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=CAD%2FCAM&oldid=1301140904">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

</div>

</div></div>

</div>

</main>

</div>

</body></html>